Noble Savages e-bog

ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SCIENTIFIC MEMOIRS OF OUR TIME When Napoleon Chagnon arrived in Venezuelas Amazon region in 1964 to study the Yanomam Indians, one of the last large tribal groups still living in isolation, he expected to find Rousseaus noble savages, so-called primitive people living contentedly in a pristine state of nature. Instead Chagnon discovered a remarkably violent society. Men who killed others had the most wives and offspring, their violence possibly giving them an evolutionary advantage. The prime reasons for violence, Chagnon found, were to avenge deaths and, if possible, abduct women. When Chagnon began publishing his observations, some cultural anthropologists who could not accept an evolutionary basis for human behavior refused to believe them. Chagnon became perhaps the most famous American anthropologist since Margaret Meadand the most controversial. He was attacked in a scathing popular book, whose central allegation that he helped start a measles epidemic among the Yanomam was quickly disproven, and the American Anthropological Association condemned him, only to rescind its condemnation after a vote by the membership. Throughout his career Chagnon insisted on an evidence-based scientific approach to anthropology, even as his professional association dithered over whether it really is a scientific organization. In Noble Savages, Chagnon describes his seminal fieldworkduring which he lived among the Yanomam, was threatened by tyrannical headmen, and experienced an uncomfortably close encounter with a jaguartaking readers inside Yanomam villages to glimpse the kind of life our distant ancestors may have lived thousands of years ago. And he forcefully indicts his discipline of cultural anthropology, accusing it of having traded its scientific mission for political activism. This book, like Chagnons research, raises fundamental questions about human nature itself.